Comprehensive Guide to Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Process & Work
Introduction A Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is a facility designed to treat raw water to make it suitable for drinking and other purposes. The primary objective is to remove contaminants and ensure the water meets health and safety standards. This guide outlines the typical processes and operations involved in a WTP. 1. Intake and Screening Purpose: To remove large debris and particulate matter from the raw water source (e.g., river, lake, reservoir). Process: Intake Structure: Water is drawn through an intake structure that screens out large debris. Screens: Coarse screens or bar racks remove large objects like leaves, sticks, and trash. Pumps: Transfer the screened water to the treatment plant. 2. Coagulation and Flocculation Purpose: To remove suspended solids and colloidal particles from the water. Process: Coagulation: Chemicals (coagulants like alum, ferric chloride) are added to the water, causing small particles to clum